Lock



Nov- 10, 1925- 1,560,596 L. MARRA LOCK Filed Oct. 20. 1924 INVENTOR. leazzara y lyjd Wm, M

A TTORNEY.

Patented Nov. 10, 1925,

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

LEONARDO MARRA, OF PROVIDENCE, RHODE ISLAND.

LOCK.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, LnoNARno MARRA, a citizen in the United States, residing at 22 Grape St, Providence, of the county of Providence and State of Rhode Island, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Locks, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to looks, more particularly to permutation padlocks.

I am aware that permutation padlocks have been provided with a double set of combination locking elements to lock each end of the shackle and it is to this type of lock that my invention particularly relates. One object of my invention is to provide a stronger lock of this description than provided hitherto by providing two series of combination locking elements, each comprising a series of rotatable tumbler members having shaft portions contained respectively within hollow shaft portions of other tumbler members and enlarged locking port-ions radially notched grouped on eachend of said shafts substantially contiguously to the enlarged locking portions of the other tumbler members and rotating dials therefor having permutation characters thereon grouped on the opposite end of said shafts substantially contiguously to the dials of the other tumbler members, said dials being visible and rotatably operable through side apertures in the casing to align said radial notches to form channels. It is obvious that this construction is one of great strength as the shaft portions continually bear against each other and the dials though independently rotatable bear against adjacent dials as do the enlarged locking portions. In addition therefore, to having both ends of the shackle securely locked. it is obvious that I have provided permutation locking elements of much greater strength than any hitherto employed in locks of this description.

' I am. aware that spring locks have been provided which automatically lock on the mere insertion of a slidable locking element. So far as I am aware however, the spring in these locks which resiliently bends to permit insertion of the slidable locking element has always been contained within vthe lock itself and so far as I am. aware no-one has provided resiliently mounted locking means in the slidable locking element to permit locking of the lock when the lock body portion itself is locked. I broadly claim this feature for use in any type of lock as it is much easier to mount the resilient bending elements in the slidable locking member than within the lock casing itself. It is obvious that practically no time is consumed in the mere insertion of the locking element,

all that is necessary to look a look when this feature is employed. The use of a key, or the long time necessary to set a combination is eliminated. This is particularly true where a double combination lock is em.- ployed as in my preferred embodiment.

A further object of my invention is to provide a less easier broken lock than hitherto by completely enclosing the combination locking elements in compartments in a lock casing permitting the dials only to be visible and rotatably operable through side apertures in the casing. It is thus necessary to break the casing itself before attempting to break the combination locking elements. It is obvious that this gives more strength to the lock than where the combination locking elements are contained outside of the lock-body portion as in some former types.

These and such other objects of my invention as may hereinafter appear will be best understood from a description. of an embodiment thereof such as the permutation padlock shown in the accompanying drawmgs.

Fig. 1 is a side elevation of an assembled padlock.

Fig. 2 is a central vertical section of my improved padlock, parts of the shackle being shown in elevation and with the shackle in locked position.

a Fig. 3 is a plan view of my improvedpermutation padlock showing the shackle in unlocked position.

Fig. 4: is a cross sectional view taken along the line 4-4 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is a cross sectional view taken along the line 5-5 in Fig. 1.

Fig. 6 is a central vertical sectional view similar to Fig. 2 with the combination locking elements set to form a channel to permit withdrawal of the shackle and with the shackle withdrawn.

Fig. 7 is a side elevation of the shackle.

Fig. 8 is a perspective view of a notched rack.

Fig. 9is a perspective view ofa-base plate mounted in channels out in eacharm of the shackle, having mounted thereon springs to bear against the racks shown in Fig. 8.

Fig. 10 is a reverse plan riew of the longer shackle arm.

In the drawings, wherein like characters of reference indicate like parts "throughout, gen rally indicates my completed padlock. indicates the lock casing or body portion which 'is conrenien-tly divider. into compartments and 26, conveniently separated by the wall'28. Each compartment is provided with a shackle arnrreceiving ho'le30 and Eli respectively pr ferably made in the casing-cover 82 and within said 22 anda side aperture I place within each com artment set of combination locking elements which preferably comprise two series of rotatable tum- 'bler members 36, each series 'bein'g' preferably identic l in construction. -.cl1-'tu1nbler member 8 has a shaft por n 10, an enlarged locking portion 42 at 0.. endthere of-and a dial at the opposite end thereof. The shaft 2 0 of the internal tumblermember 38, is made longer and is contained *ithin the hollow shaft 40 of the next adjacent tumbler member 38, the shaft-4.0 being correspondingly shorter and contained within the shorter hollow Slldill it) of the next correspondingly shorter tumble; member 38', the shaft 40 be correspondingly shorter and contained within the correspondin 'zly shorter hollow shaft l-O' the external tumbler member 38",the' shafts being ofsuch a length in relation to each other that the enlarged locking portiens of each shaft are revolubly located substantially contiguonsly to the enlarged locking oortions of the next adjacent tumbler membersand the dials la are revolubly located substantially contiguously to the dials of the next adjacent tumbler members respectively. Eachen' ed locking portion 42 preferably has its sir tapered upwards as at 46 and is provided with the radial notch 48. Each dial 4% is provided around the periphery thereof with "the desired permutation characters 50, the dials being so mounted within th'elock casing 22 that the permutation char acters 50 are visible and the dials 4A rotatably operable through the side apertures 84- inthe respective compartments and-'26 of the lock casing 22. i As stated the compartnien'ts 26L and 26 are provided with shackle arm receiving apertures 30 and 3i, which pertures extend substantially the length of the tumbler clusters 3(-3,tl1e aperture 31 being slightly longer than the aperture 80 for the reasons to be desc'ribed;

Having now described' the novel features be pushed inwardly of my lock casing and locking elements contained therein I will describe in detai the shackle I employ, as it embodies a feature which I believe is new in spring locks of any description. The shackle 52 provided with the arms and 56 as usual. instead ofinwardlynotching the arms .54- and 56, as usual, I cut the channels 58 trans- -versely of said arms. Each channel tapers as at 60 at each end thereof towards the inneryedge of each shackle arm. I place within said tapering channels 58 the mow able racks 62 provided on one side thereof with the notched teeth G l and havingeach .end thereof tapering as at 66 towardthe side having the notched teeth 6%. I mount the springs 68 in the channels 58, to bear against the base 70 of the racks Get. It is obvious that the springs 68 will tend to press the racks 64 outwardly, until they abut the tapered ends 60 of the channel58'thereby preventing further forward movement thereof, but that the notches rack. i l may in'said channels 58 until the teeth 6elno longer project beyond the inner sides of the shackle arms 51- and 56. l' l hile any means may be employed for mounting the springs 68 within the channels 58, I preferably mount said springs 68 on the base plates 72, which base plates are preferably of a longer length than the'channels 58 and. are attached to the'outer side of the shackle arms exterior of said channeds by means ofthe screws 74:. As explained, the locking portions 42 of the turnbler members38 ta per-upwardly thereby pro viding an outwardly tapered inclined surface 46 on each periphery thereof, terminating in the outwardly extending edges 45 at the lower ends of the enlarged locking portions 42. The teeth 64 in the rack b2 are preferably of "sawtoothconstruction having the straight sides 7 6 and the inclined sides 78. The racks b2 are so mounted on the channels 58*that the straight sides 76 of the teeth are :upwards. It :is obvious that with this construction 'j-the shackle arms 54 and 56- maybe inserted in the shackle ar m receiving holes '3O and'31 and as the shackle arms 54 and 56 sink in said holes thetapered peripheries 46 of the enlar ed looking portions l2 will bear against the inclined sides 7S of the teeth 6&- of the racks 62 thereby pressing the racks 62 inwardly within the channels 58 and'permitting deep insertion of said shackle arms Stand 56 in their relill) spective holes 30 and '31 to lock the lock no ous that the edges 45 of the peripheries of l the enlarged-locking portions 42 will bear against the flat sides 7 6 of the track teeth "64, pushing downwardly and not inwardly on said rack teeth, and that the racks 62 cannot be pushed into the channels 58 when the shackle is being pulled outwards to permit unlocking of the lock. It is obvious however, that to withdraw the shackle 52 from the lock and thus unlock the lock it is necessary to align the radial notches 4:8 in the enlarged locking portions 42 to form a channel 80, (Fig. 6), which alignment may be accomplished by turning the dials as to the desired predetermined permutation settings. It is obvious that the principle of having a lug or other member resiliently mounted in the slidable locking member of a lock to permit insertion of said locking member within the lock even when a suitable locking lug or other member in a lock is moved to locked position so as to retain the slidable locking member in locked position is a new principle in all types of looks.

The shackle arm 56 is preferably made slightly longer than the shackle arm 64 and is provided with the locking pin 82 transversely mounted therein. It is obvious that with this construction the shackle 52 when raised to unlocked position, will have the arm 54 outside the shackle arm receiving hole 80, but that the arm 56 will be retained to the casing by the pin 82 and that it is also obvious that when thus raised to locked position, the shackle arm 54: may be revolved around the arm 56 as a pivot to permit withdrawal of the chain, link or other locking device used from the shackle 52, (Fig. 3). The cover 32 may be conveniently secured to the lock casing 22 by the screw 33, the heads of which after insertion thereof may be suitably enlarged to permit removal of the cover therefrom.

It is obvious that I have provided a very compact permutation padlock, having separate combination locking elements adapted to securely lock both arms of a shackle thereby doubly locking the padlock and that by providing means resiliently mounted in a slidable locking element I have provided a spring lock of an entirely diiferent type than any hitherto devised.

It is understood that my invention is not limited to the specific embodiments shown and that various deviations may be made therefrom without departing from the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

What I claim as new and desire to secure as Letters Patent is:

1. A permutation padlock, comprising a lock casing having two compartments, each having a shackle arm receiving aperture and an aperture in the side thereof, a series of rotatable tumbler members contained within each compartment having shaft portions contained respectively within the hollow shaft portions of other tumbler members, enlarged locking portions radially notched grouped on one end of said shafts substantially contigucusly to the enlarged locking portions of the other tumbler members and rotating dials therefor having permutation characters thereon grouped on the opposite end of said shafts substantially contiguously to the dials of the other tumber members, said dials being visible and rotatably operable through the side apertures in the casing to align said radial notches to form channels and a shackle member having two arms, each arm having a notched rack mounted on springs in a channel therein whereby said shackle may be inserted within said lock when the locking portions of said tumbler members are in any position to retain the shackle to the lock and whereby on rotation of said dials to the predetermined setting, the radial notches of each series of tumbler members may be aligned to form a channel to permit withdrawal of said shackle arms.

2. A permutation padlock, comprising a lock casing having two compartments, each having a shackle arm receiving aperture and an aperture in the side thereof, a series of rotatable tumbler members contained within each compartment having shaft portions contained respectively within the hollow shaft portions of other tumbler members, enlarged locking portions radially notched grouped on one end of said shafts substan tially contiguously to the enlarged locking portions of the other tumbler members and rotating dials therefor having permutation characters thereon grouped on the opposite end of said shafts substantially contiguously to the dials of the other tumbler members, said dials being visible and rotatably operable through the side apertures in the casing to align said radial notches to form channels and a shackle member having two arms, each arm having lock engaging means resiliently mounted therein whereby said shackle may be inserted within said look when the locking portions of said tumbler members are in any position to retain the shackle to the lock and whereby on rotation of said dials to the predetermined setting, the radial notches of each series of tumbler members .may be aligned to form a channel to permit withdrawal of said shackle arms.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature.

LEONARDO MARRA. 

